Numismatic

Roman Republic AR Denarius C Caldus (104 BC) Ch VF NGC (Cr-318/1)

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Struck during the era of the Roman Republic, this silver denarius dates back to 104 BC. Weighing approximately 3 grams, the ancient coin offers a tangible connection to the Mediterranean world over two millennia ago. It survives in a certified Choice Very Fine state, preserving the artistry of the late second century BC. The obverse features the helmeted head of Roma, the female personification of the Roman state, looking toward the left. This iconic image represents the strength and identity of the Republic during a period of significant military and political transformation. On the reverse, the goddess Victory is depicted in a moment of high drama, driving a galloping two-horse chariot, known as a biga, toward the left. She holds the reins tightly as the horses surge forward. This classic numismatic design is cataloged by scholars under the reference Crawford 318/1, representing a fascinating artifact of early Roman monetary history.